TCP Dump and Wireshark Commands

https://www.rationallyparanoid.com/articles/tcpdump.html

In most cases you will need root permission to be able to capture packets on an interface. Using tcpdump (with root) to capture the packets and saving them to a file to analyze with Wireshark (using a regular account) is recommended over using Wireshark with a root account to capture packets on an "untrusted" interface. See the Wireshark security advisories for reasons why.

See the list of interfaces on which tcpdump can listen:

tcpdump -D
Listen on interface eth0:

tcpdump -i eth0
Listen on any available interface (cannot be done in promiscuous mode. Requires Linux kernel 2.2 or greater):

tcpdump -i any
Be verbose while capturing packets:

tcpdump -v
Be more verbose while capturing packets:

tcpdump -vv
Be very verbose while capturing packets:

tcpdump -vvv
Be verbose and print the data of each packet in both hex and ASCII, excluding the link level header:

tcpdump -v -X
Be verbose and print the data of each packet in both hex and ASCII, also including the link level header:

tcpdump -v -XX
Be less verbose (than the default) while capturing packets:

tcpdump -q
Limit the capture to 100 packets:

tcpdump -c 100
Record the packet capture to a file called capture.cap:

tcpdump -w capture.cap
Record the packet capture to a file called capture.cap but display on-screen how many packets have been captured in real-time:

tcpdump -v -w capture.cap
Display the packets of a file called capture.cap:

tcpdump -r capture.cap
Display the packets using maximum detail of a file called capture.cap:

tcpdump -vvv -r capture.cap
Display IP addresses and port numbers instead of domain and service names when capturing packets (note: on some systems you need to specify -nn to display port numbers):

tcpdump -n
Capture any packets where the destination host is 192.168.1.1. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n dst host 192.168.1.1
Capture any packets where the source host is 192.168.1.1. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n src host 192.168.1.1
Capture any packets where the source or destination host is 192.168.1.1. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n host 192.168.1.1
Capture any packets where the destination network is 192.168.1.0/24. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n dst net 192.168.1.0/24
Capture any packets where the source network is 192.168.1.0/24. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n src net 192.168.1.0/24
Capture any packets where the source or destination network is 192.168.1.0/24. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n net 192.168.1.0/24
Capture any packets where the destination port is 23. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n dst port 23
Capture any packets where the destination port is is between 1 and 1023 inclusive. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n dst portrange 1-1023
Capture only TCP packets where the destination port is is between 1 and 1023 inclusive. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n tcp dst portrange 1-1023
Capture only UDP packets where the destination port is is between 1 and 1023 inclusive. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n udp dst portrange 1-1023
Capture any packets with destination IP 192.168.1.1 and destination port 23. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n "dst host 192.168.1.1 and dst port 23"
Capture any packets with destination IP 192.168.1.1 and destination port 80 or 443. Display IP addresses and port numbers:

tcpdump -n "dst host 192.168.1.1 and (dst port 80 or dst port 443)"
Capture any ICMP packets:

tcpdump -v icmp
Capture any ARP packets:

tcpdump -v arp
Capture either ICMP or ARP packets:

tcpdump -v "icmp or arp"
Capture any packets that are broadcast or multicast:

tcpdump -n "broadcast or multicast"
Capture 500 bytes of data for each packet rather than the default of 68 bytes:

tcpdump -s 500
Capture all bytes of data within the packet:

tcpdump -s 0

ngrep

Search in a pcap file for a string on a that is set from a certain ip to a certain port

ngrep -I file.pcap -w "text2find" dst host $ip and port $port

Wireshark

https://packetlife.net/media/library/13/Wireshark_Display_Filters.pdf

WIRESHARK DISPLAY FILTERS · PART 1
Ethernet
eth.addr eth.len eth.src
eth.dst eth.lg eth.trailer
eth.ig eth.multicast eth.type
IEEE 802.1Q
vlan.cfi vlan.id vlan.priority
vlan.etype vlan.len vlan.trailer
IPv4

ARP
ip.addr ip.fragment.overlap.conflict
ip.checksum ip.fragment.toolongfragment
ip.checksum_bad ip.fragments
ip.checksum_good ip.hdr_len
ip.dsfield ip.host
ip.dsfield.ce ip.id
ip.dsfield.dscp ip.len
ip.dsfield.ect ip.proto
ip.dst ip.reassembled_in
ip.dst_host ip.src
ip.flags ip.src_host
ip.flags.df ip.tos
ip.flags.mf ip.tos.cost
ip.flags.rb ip.tos.delay
ip.frag_offset ip.tos.precedence
ip.fragment ip.tos.reliability
ip.fragment.error ip.tos.throughput
ip.fragment.multipletails ip.ttl
ip.fragment.overlap ip.version

IPv6
ipv6.addr ipv6.hop_opt
ipv6.class ipv6.host
ipv6.dst ipv6.mipv6_home_address
ipv6.dst_host ipv6.mipv6_length
ipv6.dst_opt ipv6.mipv6_type
ipv6.flow ipv6.nxt
ipv6.fragment ipv6.opt.pad1
ipv6.fragment.error ipv6.opt.padn
ipv6.fragment.more ipv6.plen
ipv6.fragment.multipletails ipv6.reassembled_in
ipv6.fragment.offset ipv6.routing_hdr
ipv6.fragment.overlap ipv6.routing_hdr.addr
ipv6.fragment.overlap.conflict ipv6.routing_hdr.left
ipv6.fragment.toolongfragment ipv6.routing_hdr.type
ipv6.fragments ipv6.src
ipv6.fragment.id ipv6.src_host
ipv6.hlim ipv6.version
arp.dst.hw_mac arp.proto.size
arp.dst.proto_ipv4 arp.proto.type
arp.hw.size arp.src.hw_mac
arp.hw.type arp.src.proto_ipv4
arp.opcode

TCP
tcp.ack tcp.options.qs
tcp.checksum tcp.options.sack
tcp.checksum_bad tcp.options.sack_le
tcp.checksum_good tcp.options.sack_perm
tcp.continuation_to tcp.options.sack_re
tcp.dstport tcp.options.time_stamp
tcp.flags tcp.options.wscale
tcp.flags.ack tcp.options.wscale_val
tcp.flags.cwr tcp.pdu.last_frame
tcp.flags.ecn tcp.pdu.size
tcp.flags.fin tcp.pdu.time
tcp.flags.push tcp.port
tcp.flags.reset tcp.reassembled_in
tcp.flags.syn tcp.segment
tcp.flags.urg tcp.segment.error
tcp.hdr_len tcp.segment.multipletails
tcp.len tcp.segment.overlap
tcp.nxtseq tcp.segment.overlap.conflict
tcp.options tcp.segment.toolongfragment
tcp.options.cc tcp.segments
tcp.options.ccecho tcp.seq
tcp.options.ccnew tcp.srcport
tcp.options.echo tcp.time_delta
tcp.options.echo_reply tcp.time_relative
tcp.options.md5 tcp.urgent_pointer
tcp.options.mss tcp.window_size
tcp.options.mss_val

UDP
udp.checksum udp.dstport udp.srcport
udp.checksum_bad udp.length
udp.checksum_good udp.port
Operators
eq or ==
ne or !=
gt or >
lt or <
ge or >=
le or <=
Logic
and or && Logical AND
or or || Logical OR
xor or ^^ Logical XOR
not or ! Logical NOT
[n] […] Substring operator

Frame Relay
fr.becn fr.de
fr.chdlctype fr.dlci
fr.control fr.dlcore_control
fr.control.f fr.ea
fr.control.ftype fr.fecn
fr.control.n_r fr.lower_dlci
fr.control.n_s fr.nlpid
fr.control.p fr.second_dlci
fr.control.s_ftype fr.snap.oui
fr.control.u_modifier_cmd fr.snap.pid
fr.control.u_modifier_resp fr.snaptype
fr.cr fr.third_dlci
fr.dc fr.upper_dlci

ICMPv6
icmpv6.all_comp
icmpv6.checksum
icmpv6.option.name_type.fqdn
icmpv6.option.name_x501
icmpv6.checksum_bad
icmpv6.code
icmpv6.option.rsa.key_hash
icmpv6.option.type
icmpv6.comp
icmpv6.haad.ha_addrs
icmpv6.ra.cur_hop_limit
icmpv6.ra.reachable_time
icmpv6.identifier
icmpv6.option
icmpv6.ra.retrans_timer
icmpv6.ra.router_lifetime
icmpv6.option.cga
icmpv6.option.length
icmpv6.recursive_dns_serv
icmpv6.type
icmpv6.option.name_type
RIP

BGP
bgp.aggregator_as bgp.mp_reach_nlri_ipv4_prefix
bgp.aggregator_origin bgp.mp_unreach_nlri_ipv4_prefix
bgp.as_path bgp.multi_exit_disc
bgp.cluster_identifier bgp.next_hop
bgp.cluster_list bgp.nlri_prefix
bgp.community_as bgp.origin
bgp.community_value bgp.originator_id
bgp.local_pref bgp.type
bgp.mp_nlri_tnl_id bgp.withdrawn_prefix

HTTP
http.accept http.proxy_authorization
http.accept_encoding http.proxy_connect_host
http.accept_language http.proxy_connect_port
http.authbasic http.referer
http.authorization http.request
http.cache_control http.request.method
http.connection http.request.uri
http.content_encoding http.request.version
http.content_length http.response
http.content_type http.response.code
http.cookie http.server
http.date http.set_cookie
http.host http.transfer_encoding
http.last_modified http.user_agent
http.location http.www_authenticate
http.notification http.x_forwarded_for
http.proxy_authenticate
PPP
ppp.address ppp.direction
ppp.control ppp.protocol
rip.auth.passwd rip.ip rip.route_tag
rip.auth.type rip.metric rip.routing_domain
rip.command rip.netmask rip.version
rip.family rip.next_hop

MPLS
mpls.bottom mpls.oam.defect_location
mpls.cw.control mpls.oam.defect_type
mpls.cw.res mpls.oam.frequency
mpls.exp mpls.oam.function_type
mpls.label mpls.oam.ttsi
mpls.oam.bip16 mpls.ttl

ICMP
icmp.checksum icmp.ident icmp.seq
icmp.checksum_bad icmp.mtu icmp.type
icmp.code icmp.redir_gw

DTP
dtp.neighbor dtp.tlv_type vtp.neighbor
dtp.tlv_len dtp.version

VTP
vtp.code vtp.vlan_info.802_10_index
vtp.conf_rev_num vtp.vlan_info.isl_vlan_id
vtp.followers vtp.vlan_info.len
vtp.md vtp.vlan_info.mtu_size
vtp.md5_digest vtp.vlan_info.status.vlan_susp
vtp.md_len vtp.vlan_info.tlv_len
vtp.seq_num vtp.vlan_info.tlv_type
vtp.start_value vtp.vlan_info.vlan_name
vtp.upd_id vtp.vlan_info.vlan_name_len
vtp.upd_ts vtp.vlan_info.vlan_type
vtp.version